What is the differnce between primer and promoter?

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A promoter is a genetic element that an RNA polymerase binds to to initiate transcription of a downstream gene. Without a suitable promoter, the gene is not transcribed, and therefore is not expressed.

A primer is a short strand of DNA (called an oligonucleotide) that is complementary to a sequence that a scientist might want to replicate artificially. It acts as a start for a DNA polymerase (like Taq polymerase) to extend the sequence. This can be used to amplfiy a particular sequence by the polymerase chain reaction, or to incorporate labeled bases for a sequencing reaction.

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